The Paragraphs below will outline the themes in the story, the symbolism present in the chapters outlined.
In the chapters the main theme that is present throughout is basically “courage to stand up and help those who are being wrongfully discriminated against.” Because in the later chapters in 12-20, it focuses on the trial of Tom Robinson, a black man accused of raping a white woman. The theme applies due to the fact that Atticus Finch is the man who has the “courage to stand up”, and it is prevalent to the reader that Tom Robinson is clearly Innocent of all wrong doing, because in chapter 18 where Atticus is questioning the young woman, it is shown that she is lying through the questions that Atticus asks and how he questions her. It is revealed that her father, the town drunk is abusive, and that the woman whom had no friends, and had a bad attitude accused the man, Tom Robinson of rape, when he physically could not do it if her story was accurate [due to his hand being cut off/severely mutilated]. Also Later Tom Robinson also describes what feels like the true story.
“I said come here, nigger, and bust up this chiffarobe for me, I gotta nickel for
you. He coulda done it easy enough, he could. So he come in the yard an‘ I went
in the house to get him the nickel and I turned around an ’fore I knew it he was on
me. Just run up behind me, he did. He got me round the neck, cussin‘ me an’
sayin‘ dirt—I fought’n’hollered, but he had me round the neck. He hit me agin
an‘ agin—”
-Chapter 18 pg.241
This Excerpt shows Mayella’s story which is not possible, due to the fact that she states that he held her down while hitting her again and again, impossible due to Tom Robinson’s Hand Being Lost.
The Major symbol throughout the whole Story, the mockingbird, is strongly present here as well. In the chapters outlined, the mocking bird which is known as a symbol of innocence is Tom Robinson, whom was wrongfully accused of rape against a white woman. The title which also serves as the theme “enhancer”, which is “to kill a mockingbird”, which literally means to kill an innocent being whom like the mocking bird “worked as hard as it could.” In the paragraph above it states how he is innocent. This also symbolizes the “evil” that resides in the white community at that time as it is considered a “sin to kill a mockingbird…”.
The image above is again NOT MY IMAGE it is from